Extrapyramidal Systems |
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 Pathways originate from subcortical motor centres such as:
- Corpus striatum
- Anterior thalamus
- Subthalamic nucleus
- Red nucleus
- Substantia nigra
- Tectum
- Vestibular nuclei
- Reticular formation
- Cerebellum
These centres project to each other and to the cerebral cortex directly or indirectly and then some of them project to lower motor neurons.
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Lower motor neuron as an integrator
- Lower motor neurons constitute final common pathway to muscles
- It integrates signals from pyramidal, extra-pyramidal and spinal systems then directs them to the muscles
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| The corticoreticulospinal system |
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Components
- Cortico-reticular
- Reticulo-spinal
Course
- Parallel to cortico-spinal
Function
- Control of voluntary motor activity
- Modulation of segmental and postural reflexes
- Regulation of muscle tone.
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