BLOOD SUPPLY

Summary of Blood Supply to the GIT

Branch

Level of origin

Embryonic part of the gut supplied

Adult gut supplied

Coeliac Trunk

T12

Foregut
  • Esophagus,
  • Stomach,
  • Liver
  • Gall bladder
  • Proximal duodenum,
  • Spleen,
  • Pancreas

Superior Mesenteric

L1

Midgut
  • Distal duodenum
  • Part of pancreas
  • Jejunum,
  • ileum;
  • caecum,
  • Appendix,
  • Ascending colon,
  • Right transverse colon

Inferior mesenteric

L3

Hindgut
  • Left transverse colon
  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon
  • Rectum

 
The coeliac trunk  
  • Artery of the foregut

  • Supplies the alimentary canal from the lower third of the oesophagus to the middle of the descending part of the duodenum

  • Also supplies related gut derivatives

    (+) Liver
    (+) Gall bladder
    (+) Pancreas
    (+)  Spleen.

  • It arises opposite the body of L1, and just below the aorta hiatus.

  • It runs forwards for about 1cm

  • Divides into three arteries to supply the three large organs of the upper abdomen - the liver, stomach and spleen.
   
Branches of the coeliac trunk


 
Branch
Course
Branches
Distribution
Left gastric artery
  • Runs upwards and slightly to the left towards the caradiac orifice of the stomach

  • Turns downwards to follow the lesser curvature where it forms an anastomosis with the right gastric artery.
(+) Esophagel branches
  • Esophagus

  • Stomach
Common hepatic artery
  • Runs to the right, along the upper border of the head of the pancreas, behind the lesser sac

  • crosses in front of the inferior vena cava in the right gastropancreatic fold.

  • Passes below the omental foramen


  • Ascends in the free edge of the lesser omentum, as the hepatic artery proper .

  • The bile duct lies on its right side and portal vein behind it.

(+) right gastric

(+) gastroduodenal

which gives off.

#) superior pancreaticoduodenal
 #) Right gastroepiploic

(+) Left hepatic
(+) Cystic artery

 
  • Stomach

  • Liver

  • Gall bladder

  • Duodenum

 

Splenic artery
  • The third branch of the coeliac trunk.

  • Runs to the left along the upper border of the pancreas, behind the omental bursa.

  • Often passes under cover of the upper border of the pancreas at certain points in its course.

  • It is tortuous.

  • Traced to the left, it runs across the left suprarenal and left kidney. It enters the splenorenal ligament and so reaches the hilus of the spleen.
(+) Left gastro-epiploic artery

(+) Short gastric arteries

(+) Pancreatic branches
  • Spleen

  • Pancreas

  • Fundus of the stomach

  • Greater omentum
 
Blood supply to GIT
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