| Applied Anatomy: |
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| Congenital disorders: |
 Include
flat foot, clubfoot, for which see embryology textbooks.
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| Fracture of talus:
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Although
the talus has no muscles attached onto it, it has a rich blood supply
from branches of:
- Dorsalis pedis
- Posterior tibial artery
- Peroneal arteries
These arteries run from anterior to posterior. In fractures
of the talar neck, these vessels are disrupted and avascular necrosis
of the body of the talus may occur.
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| Match fractures: |
Also
called stress or fatigue fractures usually affect the 2nd or 3rd metatarsal
shafts. Follows walking long distances or marching as among soldiers.
Note :The fracture is thin, may be overlooked but may
heal with excessive bone formation. |
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| Hammer toe: |
| Flexion
deformity of an interphalangeal joint.
May be due to weak lumbricals,
or other imbalance of the delicate arrangement of flexor and extensor
tendons.
The affected joint is sharply angled into flexion.
Secondary
contracture of the planter aspect of the joint capsule fixes the deformity,
and a callosity usually, forms over the dorsum of the flexed joint, from
pressure. |
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| Pain in the foot (metatarsalgia):
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May
be caused by:
- Anterior flat foot
- March fracture
- Neuroma (abnormal fibrous thickening) of a digital
nerve.
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| Planter fascitis: |
Pain
beneath the heel on standing or walking. Caused by inflammation of soft
tissues at the site of attachment of the planter aponeurosis onto the
calcaneal tuberosity. |
Calcaneal spur
A bony projection from the calcaneal tubercle. |
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